Show pageOld revisionsBacklinksBack to top This page is read only. You can view the source, but not change it. Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong. ====== dd ====== **General Information** Using dd to create a USB bootable image. **Checklist** * Distro(s): Any ---- ===== The command ===== <code bash> dd if=~/image.iso of=/dev/sdx oflag=direct bs=2MB </code> ==== Explanation ==== * if = in file, the location of source image * of = output file, the location of the USB device. x is the drive letter. * oflag direct = bypass the cache and write direct to disk * bs = write in the specified block size ---- ===== Get DD status ===== To get a progress report while dd is running, you need to open another virtual terminal, and then send a special USR1 signal to the dd process. First, find out the process id of the dd process by running the following in the new virtual terminal. <code bash> pgrep -l '^dd$' 8789 dd </code> To send the USR1 signal to the dd prcoess: <code bash> kill -USR1 8789 </code> As soon as the USR1 signal is detected, dd will print out the current statistics to its STDERR. <code bash> $ dd if=/dev/random of=/dev/null bs=1K count=100 0+14 records in 0+14 records out 204 bytes (204 B) copied, 24.92 seconds, 0.0 kB/s </code> Use the watch command to execute kill at a set interval. (every 10 seconds in this case) <code bash> watch -n 10 kill -USR1 8789 </code> ---- ===== Alternative DD status ===== Another method of getting dd status is using pv. PV "monitors the progress of data through a pipe". The dd command then becomes: <code bash> dd if=~/image.iso | pv -petr | of=/dev/sdx oflag=direct bs=2MB </code> pv options * -p : show progress bar * -e : estimated time remaining * -t : timer on, show total time running * -r : rate of data transfer linux_wiki/dd.txt Last modified: 2019/05/25 23:50(external edit)